Amelioration of renal cortex histological alterations by aqueous garlic extract in gentamicin induced renal toxicity in albino rats: a histological and immunohistochemical study

Background: Aminoglycosides, particularly gentamicin, endure crucial antibiotics in the armamentarium for severe Gram-negative bacterial infections through their significant risk nephrotoxicity. Co-administration of several applicant nephroprotective agents has been investigated at preclinical level. Garlic was proved to be an oxidative stress combatant with unique antioxidant potential.Aim work: To assess renal cortex structural changes due gentamicin treatment and role aqueous garlic extract (AGE) ameliorating these changes.Material methods: Thirty-two male albino rats were assigned into four equal groups. Group I (Control group) received 0.9% NaCl solution oral gavage same volume as AGE-treated group. II (AGE treated AGE by 250 mg/kg/day. III (Gentamicin Gentamicin 80 mg/kg/day intraperitoneally. IV cotreated both AGE. The duration 21 days. Specimens all groups processed light microscopic examination. additionally prepared electron Morphometric study statistical analysis performed.Results: Examination showed proximal distal tubular necrosis, vacuolation, desquamation interstitial mononuclear cell infiltration. Masson’s trichrome staining revealed intense deposition collagen fibers. Strong positive immunoreaction caspase-3 observed. Ultrastructurally, glomerulus thickened basement membrane, destructed endothelium. Proximal convoluted cells exhibited vacuolations, distorted mitochondria nuclear chromatin condensation loss microvilli. ameliorated changes.Conclusion: Aqueous ameliorates histological caused rat cortex.